What capability did Paixhans guns provide over traditional naval weaponry?

The Paixhans gun revolutionized naval warfare by introducing explosive shells that significantly enhanced the ability to damage wooden ships, which were the primary type of vessels in use at the time. Traditional naval weaponry primarily consisted of solid shot cannons that were less effective against the hulls of wooden ships. The explosive shells fired by Paixhans guns could penetrate the wooden structure and create devastating internal damage, making them particularly effective in naval battles.

This innovation allowed for a more offensive naval strategy, as ships could engage enemies from a distance with formidable firepower, fundamentally altering the tactics used in maritime conflict. While greater range, rapid reload times, and production costs are relevant aspects of artillery design and effectiveness, it is the ability to inflict catastrophic damage on wooden ships that was the defining feature of the Paixhans gun's capability, marking a significant evolution in naval armament.